How to Increase Security in Active Directory Federation Services using Two Factor Authentication

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Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) is a Windows service that allows for single sign on to many applications. This solves a unique problem in enterprise business as the number of accounts and credentials employees use daily increases. During a given morning, I myself log into Salesforce, Gmail, Dropbox, Outlook, WordPress and many other accounts that allow me to do my job effectively. ADFS saves users from having to remember or write down 50 different credentials and ties all of these logon credentials to a single Windows Active Directory credential. From a user perspective, this is great. Now I only need to login once, and ADFS will automatically log me into every account that I wish.

While ADFS is great as a convenience tool, it actually makes companies more vulnerable to security risks. As we discussed in a previous blog, usernames and passwords are not secure. They can be lost, stolen, or written down and stored under keypads leaving them vulnerable to anyone with preying eyes. ADFS does not increase the security of logon; it actually paints a larger target on the Windows Active Directory credentials. Now a perpetrator, who desires access to company systems only needs to compromise one set of credentials if ADFS is installed. So how does a company implement ADFS and take advantage of their convenience and cloud features without sacrificing their security?

Luckily, HID Global has come out with an innovative solution called ActivID Tap, that allows for companies to use an HID Seos card along with their Active Directory credential to achieve two factor authentication on ADFS. The workflow of this solution is very simple and easy to use. When a user sits down at their machine, they are prompted by ADFS to input their active directory credentials, same as it always does.  But after the credential is accepted, the user is prompted to tap their Seos ID Card to the HID Omnikey smart card reader as a second means of authentication. Using ActivID Tap, the credential is kept safe because even if the password is lost or stolen, the user must have the corresponding ID card to authenticate to the system.  activtap

But that is not all. ActivID Tap also works on Android devices that have an embedded NFC reader. For those who are unfamiliar, most modern Android smart phones and tablets have an integrated contactless smart card reader (known as NFC) that can read the HID Seos card. The user can authenticate using their ADFS credential by typing in their username and password through the ADFS login page just as they do on their PC. And just like on their PC, they will be prompted to tap their card. Instead of having a USB smart card reader at their desk, they simply tap the Seos card against the back of the smart phone and they are logged in. ActivID Tap is so simple and easy to use, there is no reason not to implement it if you are using ADFS

Smart Cards – Contact vs. Contactless

The term smart card is used frequently to describe many different types of cards in the marketplace. In recent years it has become a blanket term used to describe literally thousands of cards made by dozens of card manufacturers. If you are ever tasked with finding a smart card solution, the first and most important aspect of information that you need to attain is the type of smart card you need to find. Smart cards are divided into two main categories: Contact and Contactless Smart Cards

Contact Smart Cards

Image Image by Smart Card Alliance

Contact smart cards are identified by a gold or silver chip that is visible on the card body. Much like a computer, this chip contains its own operating system, profile and card file structure that varies from application to application. These cards are named contact due to the fact that they physically need to be inserted into a card reader to make contact with a mechanism, for the most secure mode of encrypted communication.

An example of a contact smart card reader would be the Identiv SCR3310 V2 CAC/PIV USB 2.0 Contact Smart Card Reader.

Contactless Smart Cards

Image Image supplied by ACS

Contactless smart cards differ from contact, because the chip is not visible on the card. Instead the chip and chip’s antenna are embedded within the card body. The card is waved over an RFID reader instead of inserted like a contact card. When the contactless card passes through the specifically tuned RFID field, the antenna powers up the chip and relays the chips information to the application.

An example of a contact smart card reader would be the Identive SCM SCL011

Dual Interface Card Readers

Many cards contain both contact and contactless technology. Often the contactless portion is used for building access, where as the contact portion is used for secure network access. These cards are typically called converged cards or dual interface cards. 

An example of a dual interface desktop reader would be the Identiv uTrust 4701 F *Dual-Interface* Contact/Contactless USB Desktop Smart Card Reader.